{"id":8,"date":"2026-11-14T16:02:47","date_gmt":"2026-11-14T08:02:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/?p=8"},"modified":"2026-11-14T16:02:47","modified_gmt":"2026-11-14T08:02:47","slug":"%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e5%8c%96%e8%bf%90%e7%bb%b4ansible","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/2026\/11\/14\/%e8%87%aa%e5%8a%a8%e5%8c%96%e8%bf%90%e7%bb%b4ansible\/","title":{"rendered":"\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u8fd0\u7ef4Ansible"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001Ansible\u4ecb\u7ecd<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ansible \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684 IT \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u7f16\u6392\u548c\u57fa\u7840\u8bbe\u65bd\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u3002\u5b83\u7531 Red Hat \u7ef4\u62a4\uff0c\u91c7\u7528 \u65e0\u4ee3\u7406\uff08Agentless\uff09\u67b6\u6784\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7 SSH\uff08Linux\/Unix\uff09\u6216 WinRM\uff08Windows\uff09\u8fde\u63a5\u53d7\u7ba1\u4e3b\u673a\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u6838\u5fc3\u7279\u70b9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u65e0\u4ee3\u7406\uff1a\u53d7\u7ba1\u8282\u70b9\u65e0\u9700\u5b89\u88c5 Ansible \u5ba2\u6237\u7aef\uff0c\u53ea\u9700 SSH\/WinRM \u548c Python \u7b49\u57fa\u7840\u73af\u5883\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>YAML \u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u6613\u8bfb\u7684 YAML \u7f16\u5199 Playbook\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\uff1a\u5927\u591a\u6570\u6a21\u5757\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u91cd\u590d\u64cd\u4f5c\u5bfc\u81f4\u72b6\u6001\u6f02\u79fb\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Push \u6a21\u5f0f\uff1a\u63a7\u5236\u8282\u70b9\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u9001\u4efb\u52a1\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6a21\u5757\u5316\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u5927\u91cf\u5185\u7f6e\u6a21\u5757\u548c Collection \u6269\u5c55\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u58f0\u660e\u5f0f\u4e0e\u8fc7\u7a0b\u5f0f\u7ed3\u5408\uff1aPlaybook \u63cf\u8ff0\u76ee\u6807\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u6309\u4efb\u52a1\u987a\u5e8f\u7f16\u6392\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001Ansible\u5b89\u88c5<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udce6 \u4e00\u3001 \u6807\u51c6\u5728\u7ebf\u5b89\u88c5\u6d41\u7a0b\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6709\u516c\u7f51\u73af\u5883\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u5728\u963f\u91cc\u4e91\u3001\u817e\u8baf\u4e91\u6216\u8005\u80fd\u8fde\u5916\u7f51\u7684\u865a\u62df\u673a\u91cc\uff0c\u6309\u4ee5\u4e0b\u6b65\u9aa4\u64cd\u4f5c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5 EPEL \u6269\u5c55\u6e90<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ansible \u4e0d\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u57fa\u7840\u6e90\u91cc\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u88c5 EPEL\uff08Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo dnf install epel-release -y<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\uff08\u53ef\u9009\uff09\u66ff\u6362\u56fd\u5185\u955c\u50cf\u6e90\u52a0\u901f <em>\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u4f60\u4e4b\u524d\u9047\u5230\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5361\u5728 6KB\/s \u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6362\u6e90\uff0c\u4e0b\u8f7d\u901f\u5ea6\u53ef\u80fd\u6781\u6162\u3002<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo sed -i 's|^metalink=|#metalink=|g' \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/epel.repo\nsudo sed -i 's|^#baseurl=https:\/\/download.example\/pub\/epel\/|baseurl=https:\/\/mirrors.aliyun.com\/epel\/|g' \/etc\/yum.repos.d\/epel.reposudo \ndnf clean all &amp;&amp; sudo dnf makecache<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5 Ansible \u6838\u5fc3\u5305<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><em># \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6574\u7248\uff08\u5305\u542b\u5927\u91cf\u793e\u533a\u6a21\u5757\uff09<\/em>\nsudo dnf install ansible -y\n\n<em># \u6216\u8005\u53ea\u5b89\u88c5\u6838\u5fc3\u7248\uff08\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u57fa\u7840\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4f53\u79ef\u66f4\u5c0f\uff09<\/em><em>sudo dnf install ansible-core -y<\/em><\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5b89\u88c5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ansible --version<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udfe2 \u4e8c\u3001 \u79bb\u7ebf\u5b89\u88c5\u6d41\u7a0b\uff08\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u8702\u5de2\u7b49\u7eaf\u5185\u7f51\u73af\u5883\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u662f\u9762\u8bd5\u9ad8\u9891\u8003\u70b9\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u5ba2\u6237\u73b0\u573a\u5b8c\u5168\u65ad\u7f51\uff0c\u600e\u4e48\u529e\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5236\u4f5c\u79bb\u7ebf\u6e90\uff08\u5728\u5916\u7f51\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u64cd\u4f5c\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><em>\u4e0b\u8f7d ansible \u53ca\u5176\u6240\u6709\u4f9d\u8d56\u5230\u672c\u5730\u76ee\u5f55<\/em>\nsudo dnf download --resolve \nansible -y --downloaddir=\/tmp\/ansible-rpms\/<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5c06 RPM \u5305\u4f20\u5165\u5185\u7f51 \u901a\u8fc7 U \u76d8\u6216\u5821\u5792\u673a\uff0c\u5c06 <code>\/tmp\/ansible-rpms\/<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u7684\u6240\u6709 <code>.rpm<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d\u5230\u5185\u7f51\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u5185\u7f51\u5b89\u88c5<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cd \/root\/ansible-rpms\/\n<em># \u4f7f\u7528 localinstall \u81ea\u52a8\u89e3\u51b3\u4f9d\u8d56<\/em>\nsudo dnf localinstall *.rpm -y<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u4e09\u3001 \u88c5\u5b8c\u540e\u7684\u201c\u5fc5\u505a\u201d\u4e09\u4ef6\u4e8b\uff08\u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e SSH \u514d\u5bc6\u767b\u5f55\uff08Ansible \u7684\u751f\u547d\u7ebf\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u63a7\u5236\u673a\u8fde\u4e0d\u4e0a\u88ab\u63a7\u673a\uff0cAnsible \u65e0\u6cd5\u5de5\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><em>\u751f\u6210\u5bc6\u94a5\uff08\u4e00\u8def\u56de\u8f66\uff09<\/em>\nssh-keygen -t rsa -b 2048     \n  \n<em># \u4e0b\u53d1\u516c\u94a5\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u673a\u5668<\/em>\nssh-copy-id root@192.168.1.100<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u914d\u7f6e\u4e3b\u673a\u6e05\u5355\uff08Inventory\uff09 \u7f16\u8f91 <code>\/etc\/ansible\/hosts<\/code>\uff0c\u628a\u4f60\u8981\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5206\u7ec4\u5199\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;edge_nodes]\n192.168.1.100 ansible_host=192.168.1.100\n192.168.1.101 ansible_host=192.168.1.101<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u8865\u5145\uff1a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5b89\u88c5python3-libselinux\uff08\u5982\u679c\u672a\u5b89\u88c5\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>sudo dnf install -y python3-libselinux<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728 Ansible \u8fd0\u7ef4\u4e2d\uff0c\u5b83\u5230\u5e95\u7ba1\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5f53\u4f60\u7684\u88ab\u63a7\u7aef\u5f00\u542f\u4e86 SELinux \u65f6\uff0cAnsible \u5728\u6267\u884c\u4ee5\u4e0b\u4efb\u52a1\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u7ba1\u6587\u4ef6\uff08file\/copy\/template\u6a21\u5757\uff09\uff1aAnsible \u628a\u6587\u4ef6\u62f7\u8d1d\u8fc7\u53bb\u540e\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5305\u53bb\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 SELinux \u5b89\u5168\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff08Context\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u4e4b\u524d\u4ee3\u7801\u91cc\u7684 <code>setype=samba_share_t<\/code>\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7ba1\u7528\u6237\uff08user\u6a21\u5757\uff09\uff1a\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u5b83\u786e\u4fdd\u7528\u6237\u7684 SELinux \u89d2\u8272\u6b63\u786e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7ba1\u670d\u52a1\/\u7aef\u53e3\uff08firewalld\u6a21\u5757\uff09\uff1a\u4fee\u6539\u9632\u706b\u5899\u89c4\u5219\u65f6\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u540c\u6b65\u4fee\u6539 SELinux \u7684\u653e\u884c\u7b56\u7565\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u7ba1\u7b56\u7565\uff08sefcontext\u6a21\u5757\uff09\uff1a\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u5b83\u6765\u914d\u7f6e SELinux \u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001 Ad-hoc \u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u4e34\u65f6\u6279\u91cf\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u6700\u5e38\u7528\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u683c\u5f0f\uff1a<\/em><em><code>ansible [\u4e3b\u673a\u7ec4\/IP] -m [\u6a21\u5757] -a [\u53c2\u6570]<\/code><\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8fde\u901a\u6027\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08\u6700\u57fa\u7840\uff09<\/strong><code>ansible all -m ping<\/code><em>(\u9762\u8bd5\u8bdd\u672f\uff1a\u65b0\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u67b6\u540e\uff0c\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u5c31\u662f\u5168\u91cf ping \u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4 SSH \u514d\u5bc6\u548c Python \u73af\u5883\u90fd\u6b63\u5e38\u3002)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6279\u91cf\u6267\u884c Shell \u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u6700\u9ad8\u9891\uff09<\/strong><code>ansible edge_nodes -m shell -a \"df -h\" ansible edge_nodes -m shell -a \"systemctl status nginx\"<\/code><em>(\u9762\u8bd5\u8bdd\u672f\uff1a\u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6279\u91cf\u62c9\u53d6 40 \u53f0\u5de5\u63a7\u673a\u7684\u78c1\u76d8\u6c34\u4f4d\u548c\u5173\u952e\u670d\u52a1\u72b6\u6001\u3002)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6279\u91cf\u5206\u53d1\u6587\u4ef6<\/strong><code>ansible edge_nodes -m copy -a \"src=\/tmp\/agent.rpm dest=\/root\/agent.rpm mode=0755\"<\/code><em>(\u9762\u8bd5\u8bdd\u672f\uff1a\u5347\u7ea7\u76d1\u63a7\u7ec4\u4ef6\u65f6\uff0c\u5148\u7528 copy \u6a21\u5757\u628a\u65b0\u7684 rpm \u5305\u6216\u4e8c\u8fdb\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u63a8\u5230\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u4e0a\u3002)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6279\u91cf\u4fee\u6539\u4e3b\u673a\u540d\uff08\u4f60\u521a\u5b9e\u64cd\u8fc7\u7684\uff09<\/strong><code>ansible 192.168.1.100 -m hostname -a \"name=ts-bl-01\"<\/code><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6279\u91cf\u6536\u96c6\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u9762\u8bd5\u88c5\u903c\u7528\uff09<\/strong>\u00a0\u00a0\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\uff1a\u5bfc\u5165\u5230\u6587\u672c\u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\uff08\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u4e0d\u662fjson\u6587\u4ef6\uff09<code>ansible all -m setup > all_facts.json<\/code><em>(\u9762\u8bd5\u8bdd\u672f\uff1a\u8fd9\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u80fd\u6536\u96c6\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u7684<\/em> ansible_facts<em>\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982 CPU \u578b\u53f7\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\uff0c\u7528\u6765\u505a CMDB \u8d44\u4ea7\u76d8\u70b9\u6781\u5176\u597d\u7528\u3002)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e8c\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528 <code>filter<\/code> \u8fc7\u6ee4\u53c2\u6570\uff08\u6700\u5e38\u7528\u7684 SRE \u6280\u5de7\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u53ea\u60f3\u770b\u67d0\u51e0\u4e2a\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u6307\u6807\uff08\u6bd4\u5982\u53ea\u770b\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u3001\u6216\u8005\u53ea\u770b\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f\uff09\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a <code>-a<\/code> \u53c2\u6570\u914d\u5408 <code>filter<\/code> \u8fc7\u6ee4\uff0c\u6781\u5176\u6e05\u723d\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><em>\u53ea\u67e5\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b\u548c\u7248\u672c<\/em>\nansible all -m setup -a \"filter=ansible_distribution*\"\n\n<em># \u53ea\u67e5\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u7684\u603b\u5185\u5b58\u5927\u5c0f<\/em>\nansible all -m setup -a \"filter=ansible_memtotal_mb\"\n\n<em># \u53ea\u67e5\u6240\u6709\u673a\u5668\u7684 CPU \u6838\u5fc3\u6570<\/em>\nansible all -m setup -a \"filter=ansible_processor_vcpus\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u65b9\u6cd5\u4e09\uff1a\u914d\u5408 <code>jq<\/code> \u547d\u4ee4\uff08\u9ad8\u9636\u73a9\u5bb6\u88c5\u903c\u7528\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u628a\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u6210\u4e86 JSON \u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5efa\u8bae\u914d\u5408 Linux \u4e0b\u7684 JSON \u5904\u7406\u795e\u5668 <code>jq<\/code>\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u975e\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u6587\u672c\u53d8\u6210\u597d\u770b\u7684\u6570\u636e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ansible all -m setup | jq '.ansible_facts.ansible_hostname'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5b83\u4f1a\u81ea\u52a8\u5e2e\u4f60\u628a\u6bcf\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u5355\u72ec\u63d0\u53d6\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u6392\u7248\u6781\u4f73\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83d\udee0\ufe0f \u65b9\u6cd5\u56db\uff1a\u751f\u6210 CMDB \u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u62a5\u8868\uff08\u7ec8\u6781\u964d\u7ef4\u6253\u51fb\uff09\uff08\u9700\u8981\u5148\u5b89\u88c5\u4e0b\u65b9\u5de5\u5177\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u771f\u5b9e\u7684\u4e59\u65b9\u8fd0\u7ef4\u91cc\uff0c\u7eaf\u770b\u6587\u672c\u592a low \u4e86\u3002\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u5de5\u5177\u53eb <code>ansible-cmdb<\/code>\u3002\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u628a setup \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u5bfc\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u4e00\u952e\u751f\u6210\u6781\u5176\u6f02\u4eae\u7684 HTML \u7f51\u9875\u8d44\u4ea7\u62a5\u8868\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code><em>1. \u5bfc\u51fa\u6570\u636e<\/em>\nansible -m setup --tree \/tmp\/facts all\n\n<em># 2. \u751f\u6210\u7f51\u9875<\/em>\nansible-cmdb \/tmp\/facts &gt; \/tmp\/cmdb.html<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u9762\u8bd5\u8bdd\u672f\uff1a\u53ea\u8981\u628a\u8fd9\u4e2a HTML \u62a5\u8868\u53d1\u7ed9\u7532\u65b9\u8001\u677f\uff0c\u4ed6\u7acb\u9a6c\u5c31\u80fd\u770b\u5230\u5168\u5382\u51e0\u767e\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u7684 CPU\u3001\u5185\u5b58\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7248\u672c\u3002)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e00\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u5b89\u88c5\u5fc5\u5907\u5de5\u5177\uff08\u586b\u5751\uff09<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u56e0\u4e3a\u4f60\u4e4b\u524d\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\u91cc\u6ca1\u6709 Python \u7684\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5fc5\u987b\u5148\u88c5 <code>pip<\/code>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5b89\u88c5 pip3\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>yum install -y python3-pip<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>(\u5982\u679c\u662f CentOS 8\/Rocky \u7b49\u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u628a<\/em> <em><code>yum<\/code><\/em> <em>\u6362\u6210<\/em> <em><code>dnf<\/code><\/em><em>)<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u4f7f\u7528\u56fd\u5185\u955c\u50cf\u6e90\u5b89\u88c5 <code>ansible-cmdb<\/code>\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>pip3 install ansible-cmdb -i https:\/\/pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn\/simple<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e8c\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u751f\u6210\u62a5\u8868\u6570\u636e<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u8fd9\u91cc\u5206\u4e3a\u201c\u6536\u96c6\u6570\u636e\u201d\u548c\u201c\u751f\u6210\u7f51\u9875\u201d\u4e24\u6b65\u3002\u8fd9\u4e24\u6b65\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u5206\u5f00\u6267\u884c\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a Ansible \u7684\u7ec8\u7aef\u8f93\u51fa\u5e26\u6709\u6742\u4e71\u7684\u63d0\u793a\u7b26\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u7ba1\u9053\u4f20\u7ed9 cmdb \u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"3\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6536\u96c6\u6240\u6709\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5bfc\u51fa\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\uff09\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ansible all -m setup --tree \/tmp\/facts -f 50<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>-m setup<\/code>\uff1a\u6536\u96c6\u673a\u5668\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u786c\u4ef6\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u4fe1\u606f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>--tree \/tmp\/facts<\/code>\uff1a\u628a\u6536\u96c6\u5230\u7684\u7eaf JSON \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u5165\u672c\u5730\u7684 <code>\/tmp\/facts\/<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>-f 50<\/code>\uff1a\u5f00\u542f\u5e76\u53d1\uff0c\u4e00\u6b21\u5904\u7406 50 \u53f0\uff0c\u52a0\u5feb\u6536\u96c6\u901f\u5ea6\uff08\u673a\u5668\u5c11\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e0d\u52a0\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"4\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8bfb\u53d6\u6570\u636e\uff0c\u751f\u6210 HTML \u62a5\u8868\uff1a<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ansible-cmdb \/tmp\/facts &gt; \/tmp\/cmdb.html<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u8fd9\u6761\u547d\u4ee4\u6781\u5feb\uff0c\u5b83\u8bfb\u53d6\u4e0a\u4e00\u6b65\u751f\u6210\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u5939\uff0c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u9759\u6001\u7f51\u9875\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4fdd\u5b58\u4e3a <code>cmdb.html<\/code>\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u7b2c\u4e09\u9636\u6bb5\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u67e5\u770b\u751f\u6210\u7684 HTML \u9875\u9762<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7f51\u9875\u751f\u6210\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684 <code>\/tmp\/cmdb.html<\/code>\uff0c\u5343\u4e07\u4e0d\u8981\u7528 <code>cat<\/code> \u6216 <code>vim<\/code> \u53bb\u770b\uff0c\u4f60\u4f1a\u770b\u5230\u6ee1\u5c4f\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u3002\u4f60\u9700\u8981\u628a\u5b83\u653e\u8fdb\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b9\u6cd5 A\uff1a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u672c\u5730\uff08\u6700\u7b80\u5355\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u5982\u679c\u4f60\u7528 Xshell \/ MobaXterm \/ FinalShell \u7b49 SSH \u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7528\u5b83\u4eec\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u7ba1\u7406\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165 <code>\/tmp\/<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u628a <code>cmdb.html<\/code> \u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u4f60\u7684 Windows \u7535\u8111\u4e0a\uff0c\u53cc\u51fb\u6253\u5f00\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u6216\u8005\u5728\u672c\u5730\u7535\u8111\u7684 CMD\/PowerShell \u91cc\u6267\u884c\uff1a <code>scp root@\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP:\/tmp\/cmdb.html D:\/<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b9\u6cd5 B\uff1a\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u5f00\u4e2a\u4e34\u65f6\u7f51\u9875\uff08\u4e0d\u7528\u4e0b\u8f7d\uff09<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>cd \/tmppython3 -m http.server 8000<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u7136\u540e\u6253\u5f00\u4f60\u7535\u8111\u7684\u6d4f\u89c8\u5668\uff0c\u8bbf\u95ee <code>http:\/\/\u4f60\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP:8000\/cmdb.html<\/code>\uff0c\u770b\u5b8c\u540e\u56de\u7ec8\u7aef\u6309 <code>Ctrl+C<\/code> \u7ed3\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001Playbook \u6a21\u5f0f\uff08\u6b63\u5f0f\u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u53d1\u5e03\uff09<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"6\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8fd0\u884c\u5267\u672c\uff08\u6700\u5e38\u7528\uff09<\/strong> <code>ansible-playbook init_system.yml<\/code>\u00a0\u00a0\u6211\u4e3a\u4f60\u7f16\u5199\u4e86\u4e00\u4efd\u751f\u4ea7\u7ea7\u7684\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u7cfb\u7edf\u521d\u59cb\u5316 Ansible \u5267\u672c\uff08<code>init_system.yml<\/code>\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u6db5\u76d6\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65\u3001\u5185\u6838\u8c03\u4f18\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4f60\u9762\u8bd5\u65f6\u8bc1\u660e\u4f60\u201c\u61c2\u5e95\u5c42\u201d\u7684\u786c\u6838\u7d20\u6750\u3002<code>--- - name: \u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u5e95\u5c42\u521d\u59cb\u5316\u8c03\u4f18 (OS Level Init) hosts: all become: yes gather_facts: yes vars: ntp_server: \"ntp.aliyun.com\" max_file_descriptors: 1048576 # \u5355\u8fdb\u7a0b\u6700\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\uff0c\u4e3a 15 \u4e07\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u9884\u7559\u5197\u4f59 tasks: # ================= 1. \u57fa\u7840\u73af\u5883\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u52a0\u56fa ================= - name: \u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899 (\u5185\u7f51\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u6216\u7531\u7269\u7406\u9632\u706b\u5899\u7edf\u4e00\u63a5\u7ba1) systemd: name: firewalld state: stopped enabled: no ignore_errors: yes - name: \u5173\u95ed SELinux selinux: state: disabled ignore_errors: yes - name: \u5173\u95ed Swap \u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a (K8s\/\u4e2d\u95f4\u4ef6 \u8282\u70b9\u4e25\u7981\u4f7f\u7528 Swap\uff0c\u9632 OOM \u673a\u5236\u5931\u6548) command: swapoff -a when: ansible_swaptotal_mb > 0 - name: \u6ce8\u91ca \/etc\/fstab \u4e2d\u7684 swap \u6302\u8f7d (\u9632\u91cd\u542f\u5931\u6548) replace: path: \/etc\/fstab regexp: '^([^#].*?\\sswap\\s+sw\\s+.*)$' replace: '# \\1' - name: \u914d\u7f6e\u65f6\u95f4\u540c\u6b65 (\u5b89\u88c5 Chrony) yum: name: chrony state: present when: ansible_os_family == \"RedHat\" # \ud83d\udc47 \u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u628a template \u6362\u6210\u4e86 copy \u6a21\u5757\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u914d\u7f6e\u5199\u6b7b\u5728\u5267\u672c\u91cc - name: \u5199\u5165 Chrony \u914d\u7f6e\u5e76\u542f\u52a8 (Inline \u65b9\u5f0f) copy: dest: \/etc\/chrony.conf content: | # \u4f7f\u7528\u963f\u91cc\u4e91 NTP \u670d\u52a1\u5668 server {{ ntp_server }} iburst driftfile \/var\/lib\/chrony\/drift makestep 1.0 3 rtcsync logdir \/var\/log\/chrony notify: Restart Chrony # ================= 2. \u7cfb\u7edf\u7ea7\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236 (\u7a81\u7834\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u74f6\u9888) ================= - name: \u914d\u7f6e\u7cfb\u7edf\u5168\u5c40\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u9650\u5236 (sysctl) sysctl: name: fs.file-max value: \"{{ max_file_descriptors }}\" sysctl_set: yes state: present reload: yes - name: \u914d\u7f6e limits.conf \u7528\u6237\u7ea7\u9650\u5236 blockinfile: path: \/etc\/security\/limits.conf block: | * soft nofile {{ max_file_descriptors }} * hard nofile {{ max_file_descriptors }} * soft nproc 65535 * hard nproc 65535 # ================= 3. \u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1 TCP \u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570\u8c03\u4f18 (\u6838\u5fc3\u7edd\u6740\u70b9) ================= - name: \u8c03\u4f18 TCP \u534f\u8bae\u6808\u53ca\u7f51\u7edc\u5185\u6838\u53c2\u6570 (\u9488\u5bf9 15 \u4e07\u957f\u8fde\u63a5\u4e0e\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1 QPS) sysctl: name: \"{{ item.name }}\" value: \"{{ item.value }}\" sysctl_file: \/etc\/sysctl.d\/99-high-concurrency.conf sysctl_set: yes state: present reload: yes loop: # 1. \u589e\u5927\u534a\u8fde\u63a5\u961f\u5217 (\u9632 SYN Flood \u4e0e\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5efa\u8fde) - { name: 'net.core.somaxconn', value: '65535' } - { name: 'net.ipv4.tcp_max_syn_backlog', value: '65535' } - { name: 'net.ipv4.tcp_syncookies', value: '1' } # 2. \u52a0\u5feb TIME_WAIT \u72b6\u6001\u56de\u6536 (\u9488\u5bf9\u77ed\u8fde\u63a5\u9ad8\u9891\u5efa\u8fde\u65ad\u5f00) - { name: 'net.ipv4.tcp_tw_reuse', value: '1' } - { name: 'net.ipv4.tcp_max_tw_buckets', value: '65535' } - { name: 'net.ipv4.tcp_fin_timeout', value: '30' } # 3. \u589e\u5927\u8fde\u63a5\u8ddf\u8e2a\u8868 (\u9632\u6b62 Calico\/kube-proxy \u7684 conntrack \u8868\u6253\u6ee1) - { name: 'net.netfilter.nf_conntrack_max', value: '1048576' } # 4. \u5f00\u542f TCP Keepalive \u63a2\u6d4b (\u9632\u5047\u6b7b\u8fde\u63a5\u5360\u7528\u8d44\u6e90) - { name: 'net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_time', value: '600' } - { name: 'net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_intvl', value: '30' } - { name: 'net.ipv4.tcp_keepalive_probes', value: '3' } # ================= 4. \u5b89\u88c5\u8fd0\u7ef4\u57fa\u7840\u4f9d\u8d56\u5de5\u5177 ================= - name: \u5b89\u88c5\u5e38\u7528\u6392\u969c\u4e0e\u76d1\u63a7\u5de5\u5177 yum: name: - wget - curl - vim - net-tools - tcpdump - sysstat - telnet state: present when: ansible_os_family == \"RedHat\" # ================= Handlers \u5b9a\u4e49 ================= handlers: - name: Restart Chrony systemd: name: chronyd state: restarted enabled: yes<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"7\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u8bed\u6cd5\u68c0\u67e5\uff08\u4e0a\u7ebf\u524d\u5fc5\u505a\uff09<\/strong><code>ansible-playbook init_system.yml --syntax-check<\/code><em>(\u9762\u8bd5\u8bdd\u672f\uff1a\u5199\u9519\u4e00\u4e2a\u7f29\u8fdb\uff0cPlaybook \u5c31\u4f1a\u62a5\u9519\u3002\u4e0a\u7ebf\u524d\u6211\u90fd\u4f1a\u5148\u8dd1 syntax-check \u9632\u6b62\u5c34\u5c2c\u3002)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u201c\u5e72\u8dd1\u201d\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Dry Run\uff0c\u6781\u5ea6\u5b89\u5168\uff09<\/strong><code>ansible-playbook init_system.yml --check<\/code><em>(\u9762\u8bd5\u8bdd\u672f\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u5267\u672c\u6267\u884c\u540e\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff0c\u52a0\u4e0a<\/em> <code>--check<\/code><em>\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u544a\u8bc9\u4f60\u201c\u5c06\u8981\u53d1\u751f\u4ec0\u4e48\u6539\u53d8\u201d\uff0c\u4f46\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u771f\u6b63\u53bb\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u9632\u6b62\u628a\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u641e\u5d29\u3002)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u6e05\u5355\u6267\u884c<\/strong><code>ansible-playbook -i hosts_prod init_system.yml<\/code><code>hosts_prod<\/code> \u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u5c31\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\uff08\u901a\u5e38\u91cc\u9762\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u662f\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u5668IP\u548c\u5206\u7ec4\u4fe1\u606f\uff09\uff0c\u5b83\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f Ansible \u91cc\u7684 Inventory\uff08\u4e3b\u673a\u6e05\u5355\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"10\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u6062\u590d\u65b9\u5f0f\uff1a\u4f7f\u7528\u201c\u56de\u6eda\u4e13\u7528\u201d Playbook\uff08\u63a8\u8350\uff09<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u65b0\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u6587\u4ef6\u53eb <code>rollback_init.yml<\/code>\uff0c\u628a\u4ee5\u4e0b\u5185\u5bb9\u590d\u5236\u8fdb\u53bb\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8fd0\u884c\u5b83\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>---\n- name: \u56de\u6eda\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1\u5185\u6838\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u8c03\u4f18 (\u4fdd\u7559 SELinux \u548c\u9632\u706b\u5899\u5173\u95ed)\n  hosts: edge_nodes\n  become: yes\n  \n  tasks:\n    # 1. \u6062\u590d Swap (\u53d6\u6d88\u6ce8\u91ca fstab \u5e76\u5f00\u542f swap)\n    - name: \u6062\u590d \/etc\/fstab \u4e2d\u7684 swap \u6302\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\n      replace:\n        path: \/etc\/fstab\n        regexp: '^# (.*?\\sswap\\s+sw\\s+.*)$'\n        replace: '\\1'\n\n    - name: \u5f00\u542f Swap \u4ea4\u6362\u5206\u533a\n      command: swapon -a\n      ignore_errors: yes # \u5982\u679c\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u6ca1\u914d swap\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u62a5\u9519\n\n    # 2. \u79fb\u9664\u5168\u5c40\u6587\u4ef6\u53e5\u67c4\u9650\u5236\u7684\u4f18\u5316\u914d\u7f6e\n    - name: \u79fb\u9664 limits.conf \u4e2d\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u9650\u5236\u914d\u7f6e\u5757\n      blockinfile:\n        path: \/etc\/security\/limits.conf\n        block: |\n          * soft nofile 1048576\n          * hard nofile 1048576\n          * soft nproc 65535\n          * hard nproc 65535\n        state: absent # \u6e05\u9664\u8fd9\u4e2a\u914d\u7f6e\u5757\n\n    # 3. \u5220\u9664 TCP \u5185\u6838\u8c03\u4f18\u6587\u4ef6\u5e76\u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\n    - name: \u5220\u9664\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u9ad8\u5e76\u53d1 sysctl \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\n      file:\n        path: \/etc\/sysctl.d\/99-high-concurrency.conf\n        state: absent\n\n    - name: \u91cd\u65b0\u52a0\u8f7d\u7cfb\u7edf\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684 sysctl \u914d\u7f6e\n      command: sysctl --system<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6062\u590dSElinux\u4e0e\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e4b\u5916\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ansible-playbook rollback_init.yml<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001 \u8fdb\u9636\u4e0e\u6392\u969c\uff08\u5c55\u73b0\u9ad8\u7ea7 SRE \u7d20\u517b\uff09<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"11\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u67e5\u770b\u4e3b\u673a\u6e05\u5355\uff08\u6392\u67e5\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u8fde\u4e0d\u4e0a\u67d0\u4e9b\u673a\u5668\uff09<\/strong><code>ansible-inventory --list # \u6216\u8005\u770b\u66f4\u76f4\u89c2\u7684\u6811\u72b6\u56fe ansible-inventory --graph<\/code>\u00a0\u00a0\u00b7<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u53d1\u901f\u5ea6\uff08\u5e94\u5bf9\u51e0\u5341\u53f0\u673a\u5668\u7684\u7f51\u7edc\u74f6\u9888\uff09<\/strong><code>ansible all -m ping -f 10<\/code><em>(\u9762\u8bd5\u8bdd\u672f\uff1a<\/em><code>-f<\/code> <em>\u53c2\u6570\u63a7\u5236\u5e76\u53d1\u6570\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f 5\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5728\u8f66\u95f4\u7f51\u7edc\u4e0d\u597d\u65f6\u6279\u91cf\u63a8\u5927\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u628a\u5e76\u53d1\u8c03\u5927\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u4e3a\u4e86\u5b89\u5168\u8c03\u5c0f\u3002)<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u540e\u53f0\u5f02\u6b65\u6267\u884c\uff08\u5e94\u5bf9\u8017\u65f6\u6781\u957f\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\uff09<\/strong><code>ansible all -B 3600 -P 0 -m shell -a \"yum update -y\"<\/code><em>(\u9762\u8bd5\u8bdd\u672f\uff1a\u6bd4\u5982\u8981\u6279\u91cf\u7ed9 40 \u53f0\u673a\u5668\u6253\u5185\u6838\u8865\u4e01\uff0c\u8017\u65f6\u8d85\u8fc7 SSH \u9ed8\u8ba4\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\uff0810\u79d2\uff09\u3002\u6211\u4f1a\u7528<\/em> <code>-B 3600<\/code>\uff08\u653e\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u8dd1 1 \u5c0f\u65f6\uff09\uff0c\u7528 <em><code>-P 0<\/code><\/em> <em>\u8ba9\u5176\u9759\u9ed8\u8dd1\uff0c\u9632\u6b62 SSH \u65ad\u8fde\u3002)<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\ud83c\udfa4 \u9762\u8bd5\u7ec8\u6781\u7edd\u6740\u8bdd\u672f\uff08\u7ed3\u5408\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u8bb2\u4e1a\u52a1\uff09\uff1a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9762\u8bd5\u5b98\u5982\u679c\u95ee\uff1a\u201c*\u4f60\u5e73\u65f6\u600e\u4e48\u7528 Ansible \u7ba1\u7406\u8fb9\u7f18\u8282\u70b9\uff1f*\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u201c\u6211\u7684\u65e5\u5e38\u8fd0\u7ef4\u6781\u5ea6\u4f9d\u8d56 Ansible\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u65b0\u673a\u5668\u8fdb\u6765\uff0c\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u4ef6\u4e8b\u662f\u7528 <strong><code>ansible -m ping<\/code><\/strong> \u6d4b\u8fde\u901a\u6027\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8dd1\u4e00\u4e2a\u521d\u59cb\u5316 Playbook\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6bcf\u5929\u65e9\u4e0a\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u7528 <strong><code>ansible -m shell<\/code><\/strong> \u914d\u5408 <code>df -h<\/code> \u548c <code>free -m<\/code> \u6279\u91cf\u5de1\u68c0\u78c1\u76d8\u548c\u5185\u5b58\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5982\u679c\u9047\u5230\u53d1\u7248\u6216\u66f4\u65b0\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u5148\u5199\u597d YAML\uff0c\u7528 <strong><code>ansible-playbook --syntax-check<\/code><\/strong> \u68c0\u67e5\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u7528 <strong><code>--check<\/code><\/strong> \u8dd1\u4e00\u904d Dry Run \u770b\u770b\u98ce\u9669\uff0c\u786e\u8ba4\u6ca1\u95ee\u9898\u4e86\u518d\u5927\u6279\u91cf\u63a8\u4e0b\u53bb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u9047\u5230\u7f51\u7edc\u6781\u5dee\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u6211\u4f1a\u8c03\u6574 <code>-f<\/code> \u5e76\u53d1\u53c2\u6570\u6216\u8005\u7528 <code>-B<\/code> \u653e\u5230\u540e\u53f0\u5f02\u6b65\u6267\u884c\u3002<strong>\u5229\u7528 Ansible \u7684\u5e42\u7b49\u6027\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u6211\u6bcf\u5929\u9891\u7e41\u8dd1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u4e5f\u7edd\u5bf9\u4e0d\u4f1a\u628a\u751f\u4ea7\u73af\u5883\u8dd1\u4e71\u3002<\/strong>\u201d<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ansible \u5e38\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u5b8c\u5168\u6307\u5357<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001 \u57fa\u7840\u6982\u5ff5\u4e0e\u547d\u4ee4\u53c2\u6570<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. \u4ec0\u4e48\u662f Ansible \u6a21\u5757\uff1f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u6a21\u5757\u5c31\u662f Ansible \u7684\u201c\u547d\u4ee4\u201d\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u662f\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u8fd8\u662f\u811a\u672c\u4e2d\u90fd\u9700\u8981\u8c03\u7528\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u6709 <code>yum<\/code>\u3001<code>copy<\/code>\u3001<code>template<\/code> \u7b49\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. \u8bed\u6cd5\u683c\u5f0f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>ansible &lt;pattern_goes_here&gt; -m &lt;module_name&gt; -a &lt;arguments&gt;\n# \u4e5f\u5c31\u662f:\nansible  \u5339\u914d\u6a21\u5f0f   -m  \u6a21\u5757  -a  '\u9700\u8981\u6267\u884c\u7684\u5185\u5bb9'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>\u6ce8\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u6a21\u5757\u4e3a<\/em> <code>command<\/code><em>\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u5e38\u89c4\u7684 shell \u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. \u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u53c2\u6570\u5927\u5168<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-v<\/code>, <code>--verbose<\/code><\/td><td>\u8f93\u51fa\u66f4\u8be6\u7ec6\u7684\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c<code>-vvv<\/code> \u53ef\u5f97\u5230\u6240\u6709\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-i PATH<\/code>, <code>--inventory=PATH<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a inventory\uff08\u6e05\u5355\uff09\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 <code>\/etc\/ansible\/hosts<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-f NUM<\/code>, <code>--forks=NUM<\/code><\/td><td>\u5e76\u53d1\u7ebf\u7a0b\u6570\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 5 \u4e2a\u7ebf\u7a0b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>--private-key=FILE<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u5bc6\u94a5\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-m NAME<\/code>, <code>--module-name=NAME<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u6267\u884c\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u6a21\u5757<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-M DIR<\/code>, <code>--module-path=DIR<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u6a21\u5757\u5b58\u653e\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 <code>\/usr\/share\/ansible<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-a 'ARGUMENTS'<\/code>, <code>--args<\/code><\/td><td>\u6a21\u5757\u53c2\u6570<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-k<\/code>, <code>--ask-pass<\/code><\/td><td>SSH \u8ba4\u8bc1\u5bc6\u7801<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-K<\/code>, <code>--ask-sudo-pass<\/code><\/td><td>sudo \u7528\u6237\u7684\u5bc6\u7801\uff08&#8211;sudo \u65f6\u4f7f\u7528\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-o<\/code>, <code>--one-line<\/code><\/td><td>\u6807\u51c6\u8f93\u51fa\u81f3\u4e00\u884c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-s<\/code>, <code>--sudo<\/code><\/td><td>\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0b\u7684 sudo \u547d\u4ee4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-t DIR<\/code>, <code>--tree=DIR<\/code><\/td><td>\u8f93\u51fa\u4fe1\u606f\u81f3 DIR \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u6587\u4ef6\u4ee5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u547d\u540d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-T SECONDS<\/code>, <code>--timeout<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684\u6700\u5927\u8d85\u65f6\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u662f\u79d2<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-B NUM<\/code>, <code>--background<\/code><\/td><td>\u540e\u53f0\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4\uff0c\u8d85 NUM \u79d2\u540e\u4e2d\u6b62\u6b63\u5728\u6267\u884c\u7684\u4efb\u52a1<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-P NUM<\/code>, <code>--poll<\/code><\/td><td>\u5b9a\u671f\u8fd4\u56de\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\u8fdb\u5ea6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-u USERNAME<\/code>, <code>--user<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u4ee5 USERNAME \u8fd0\u884c\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-U SUDO_USERNAME<\/code><\/td><td>\u4f7f\u7528 sudo\uff0c\u76f8\u5f53\u4e8e Linux \u4e0b\u7684 sudo \u547d\u4ee4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-c CONNECTION<\/code>, <code>--connection<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u8fde\u63a5\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08paramiko\u3001ssh\u3001local\uff0clocal \u5e38\u7528\u4e8e crontab\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-l SUBSET<\/code>, <code>--limit<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e3b\u673a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-l ~REGEX<\/code>, <code>--limit=~REGEX<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u8fd0\u884c\u4e3b\u673a\uff08\u6b63\u5219\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>--list-hosts<\/code><\/td><td>\u5217\u51fa\u7b26\u5408\u6761\u4ef6\u7684\u4e3b\u673a\u5217\u8868\uff0c\u4e0d\u6267\u884c\u4efb\u4f55\u547d\u4ee4<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. \u6267\u884c\u7684\u72b6\u6001\u8fd4\u56de\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u989c\u8272\uff09<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\ud83d\udfe2 <strong>\u7eff\u8272<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\u5e76\u4e14\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u505a\u6539\u53d8\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udfe1 <strong>\u9ec4\u8272<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u6210\u529f\u5e76\u4e14\u5bf9\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u505a\u53d8\u66f4<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\ud83d\udd34 <strong>\u7ea2\u8272<\/strong>\uff1a\u6267\u884c\u5931\u8d25\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e8c\u3001 \u6a21\u5757\u5206\u7c7b\u6982\u89c8<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u5206\u7c7b<\/td><td>\u5305\u542b\u6a21\u5757<\/td><td>\u8bf4\u660e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u6587\u4ef6\u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/td><td><code>copy<\/code>, <code>file<\/code>, <code>lineinfile<\/code>, <code>synchronize<\/code><\/td><td>\u590d\u5236\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u521b\u5efa\/\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\u3001\u66ff\u6362\u5185\u5bb9\u3001rsync\u540c\u6b65<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/td><td><code>package<\/code>, <code>yum<\/code>, <code>apt<\/code>, <code>dnf<\/code>, <code>pip<\/code><\/td><td>\u7cfb\u7edf\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u53ca Python \u5305\u7ba1\u7406<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u7cfb\u7edf\u6a21\u5757<\/strong><\/td><td><code>firewalld<\/code>, <code>reboot<\/code>, <code>service<\/code>, <code>user<\/code><\/td><td>\u9632\u706b\u5899\u3001\u91cd\u542f\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u7528\u6237\u7ba1\u7406<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Net Tools<\/strong><\/td><td><code>get_url<\/code>, <code>nmcli<\/code>, <code>uri<\/code><\/td><td>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u7f51\u7edc\u3001\u4e0e WEB \u670d\u52a1\u4ea4\u4e92<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001 21 \u4e2a\u5e38\u7528\u6a21\u5757\u8be6\u89e3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">1. user \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>name<\/code><\/td><td>\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u3001\u4fee\u6539\u3001\u79fb\u9664\u7684\u7528\u6237\u540d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>password<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\u3002\u6b64\u5904\u53ea\u80fd\u4f7f\u7528\u52a0\u5bc6\u5bc6\u7801\u4f5c\u4e3a\u503c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>system<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a yes \u8868\u793a\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa\u4e0d\u80fd\u7528\u4e8e\u4fee\u6539\u5df2\u6709\u7528\u6237\u4e3a\u7cfb\u7edf\u7528\u6237<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237(present)\u8fd8\u662f\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237(absent)\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a present<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>createhome<\/code><\/td><td>\u521b\u5efa\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7528\u6237\u4f46\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u4e5f\u4f1a\u521b\u5efa\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a no \u5219\u4e0d\u521b\u5efa\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>home<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>move_home<\/code><\/td><td>\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a yes, \u5219 &#8220;home=&#8221; \u5219\u8868\u793a\u5c06\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u79fb\u52a8\u5230\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>uid<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u7684 uid<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>group<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u7684 primary group<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>groups<\/code><\/td><td>\u5c06\u7528\u6237\u52a0\u5165\u5230\u8f85\u52a9\u7ec4\u5217\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e &#8220;groups=&#8221;, \u5219\u4f1a\u5c06\u6b64\u7528\u6237\u4ece\u6240\u6709\u8f85\u52a9\u7ec4\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>shell<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u7528\u6237\u7684 shell<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>force<\/code><\/td><td>\u914d\u5408 <code>state=absent<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e <code>userdel --force<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u5f3a\u5236\u5220\u9664\u7528\u6237\u3001\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>remove<\/code><\/td><td>\u914d\u5408 <code>state=absent<\/code> \u65f6\uff0c\u7b49\u4ef7\u4e8e <code>userdel --remove<\/code>\uff0c\u5373\u5220\u9664\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u90ae\u4ef6\u5217\u8868<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>update_password<\/code><\/td><td>user \u662f\u5e42\u7b49\u6a21\u5757\uff0c&#8221;always&#8221; \u5c06\u603b\u662f\u4fee\u6539\u5bc6\u7801\u3002&#8221;on_create&#8221; \u5c06\u53ea\u5728\u521b\u5efa\u7528\u6237\u65f6\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5bc6\u7801<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u4e34\u65f6\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528 user \u6a21\u5757\u6765\u786e\u4fdd newbie \u7528\u6237\u5b58\u5728\u4e8e node1 \u4e0a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5176 UID \u4e3a 4000\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m user -a 'name=newbie uid=4000 state=present'\n&#91;root@node1 ~]# id newbie\nuid=4000(newbie) gid=4000(newbie) \u7ec4=4000(newbie)\n\n# \u8bbe\u7f6e newbie \u7528\u6237\u5bc6\u7801\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m user -a 'name=newbie password=$1$x5dsadpB$PqzHJZD\/\/CqCaxOZoZcj71'\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u65e0\u5bb6\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u767b\u5f55\u7684\u7528\u6237\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m user -a 'name=zhao create_home=no shell=\/sbin\/nologin state=present'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">2. shell \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">\u5728\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u6267\u884c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u8bed\u6cd5\uff1a<\/strong><code>ansible \u4e3b\u673a\u6e05\u5355 -m shell -a '\u6267\u884c\u547d\u4ee4'<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u4e34\u65f6\u547d\u4ee4\u4f7f\u7528 shell \u6a21\u5757\u6765\u5220\u9664 node1 \u8282\u70b9\u4e2d\u7684\u7528\u6237 newbie\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m shell -a 'userdel -r newbie'\nnode1 | CHANGED | rc=0 &gt;&gt;<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">3. copy \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>backup=[yes|no]<\/code><\/td><td>\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a no<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>dest<\/code><\/td><td>\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84\u5fc5\u987b\u4e5f\u662f\u76ee\u5f55<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>content<\/code><\/td><td>\u76f4\u63a5\u4ee5 content \u7ed9\u5b9a\u7684\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u53d8\u91cf\u503c\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u5185\u5bb9\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5b83\u4f1a\u66ff\u4ee3 src \u9009\u9879<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>directory_mode<\/code><\/td><td>\u5f53\u5bf9\u76ee\u5f55\u505a\u9012\u5f52\u62f7\u8d1d\u65f6\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e86 directory_mode \u5c06\u4f1a\u4f7f\u5f97\u53ea\u62f7\u8d1d\u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>follow=[yes|no]<\/code><\/td><td>\u662f\u5426\u8ffd\u8e2a\u5230\u94fe\u63a5\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>force=[yes|no]<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a yes(\u9ed8\u8ba4)\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u8986\u76d6\u8fdc\u7a0b\u540c\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a no \u65f6\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u540c\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>group<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>owner<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>mode<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u503c\u8868\u793a\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u7701\u7565\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u5982 0644\u3002\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 &#8216;u+rwx&#8217; \u6216 &#8216;u=rw,g=r,o=r&#8217; \u7b49\u65b9\u5f0f\u8bbe\u7f6e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>src<\/code><\/td><td>\u62f7\u8d1d\u672c\u5730\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\uff0c\u53ef\u4f7f\u7528\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u6216\u76f8\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8def\u5f84\u662f\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u4e14\u76ee\u5f55\u540e\u52a0\u4e86\u659c\u6760 &#8220;\/&#8221;, \u5219\u53ea\u4f1a\u62f7\u8d1d\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u540e\u4e0d\u52a0\u659c\u6760\uff0c\u5219\u62f7\u8d1d\u76ee\u5f55\u672c\u8eab\u548c\u76ee\u5f55\u5185\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u5c06\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\uff0ccopy \u5230\u88ab\u63a7\u7aef\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m copy -a 'src=\/etc\/fstab dest=\/var\/tmp\/fstab'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">4. template \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>backup<\/code><\/td><td>\u62f7\u8d1d\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5305\u542b\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a no<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>dest<\/code><\/td><td>\u76ee\u6807\u8def\u5f84<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>force<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a yes (\u9ed8\u8ba4)\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u8986\u76d6\u8fdc\u7a0b\u540c\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a no \u65f6\uff0c\u5ffd\u7565\u540c\u540d\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u62f7\u8d1d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>group<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>owner<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>mode<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8fdc\u7a0b\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u6570\u503c\u8868\u793a\u65f6\u4e0d\u80fd\u7701\u7565\u7b2c\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u5982 0644\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>src<\/code><\/td><td>ansible \u63a7\u5236\u5668\u4e0a Jinja2 \u683c\u5f0f\u7684\u6a21\u677f\u6240\u5728\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u6216\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>validate<\/code><\/td><td>\u5728\u590d\u5236\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4e3b\u673a\u540e\u4f46\u653e\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u6267\u884c\u6b64\u9009\u9879\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u68c0\u67e5\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u8bed\u6cd5\uff0c\u6b63\u786e\u5219\u4fdd\u5b58\u5230\u76ee\u6807\u4f4d\u7f6e\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8981\u5f15\u7528\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 %s\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code>&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m template -a 'src=\/usr\/share\/doc\/httpd\/httpd-vhosts.conf dest=\/etc\/httpd\/conf.d\/httpd-vhosts.conf group=root owner=root mode=0644'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">5. file \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>group<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>owner<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6240\u6709\u7ec4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>mode<\/code><\/td><td>\u4fee\u6539\u6743\u9650<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>path<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u4ee3\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>recurse<\/code><\/td><td>\u9012\u5f52\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u5c5e\u6027\uff0c\u8981\u6c42 <code>state=directory<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>src<\/code><\/td><td>\u539f\u6587\u4ef6\u540d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td><code>directory<\/code>: \u5982\u679c\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u5219\u9012\u5f52\u521b\u5efa &lt;br&gt; <code>file<\/code>: \u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u521b\u5efa(\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c) &lt;br&gt; <code>touch<\/code>: \u521b\u5efa\u65b0\u6587\u4ef6 &lt;br&gt; <code>link<\/code>: \u4fee\u6539\u6216\u521b\u5efa\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5 &lt;br&gt; <code>hard<\/code>: \u4fee\u6539\u6216\u521b\u5efa\u786c\u94fe\u63a5 &lt;br&gt; <code>absent<\/code>: \u76ee\u5f55\u548c\u5176\u4e2d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u4f1a\u88ab\u9012\u5f52\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u94fe\u63a5\u5c06\u53d6\u6d88\u94fe\u63a5\u72b6\u6001<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u6743\u9650\u5c5e\u6027\u548c context \u503c\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m file -a 'path=\/var\/tmp\/fstab mode=g+w mode=o+w group=galaxy owner=galaxy setype=samba_share_t'\n\n# \u65b0\u5efa\u6587\u4ef6\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m file -a 'path=\/var\/tmp\/bbb state=touch'\n\n# \u65b0\u5efa\u76ee\u5f55\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m file -a 'path=\/var\/tmp\/cc state=directory'\n\n# \u5220\u9664\u6587\u4ef6\u6216\u8005\u76ee\u5f55\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m file -a 'path=\/var\/tmp\/cc state=absent'\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u8f6f\u94fe\u63a5\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m file -a 'dest=\/var\/tmp\/chenyu src=\/var\/tmp\/bbb state=link'\n\n# \u521b\u5efa\u786c\u94fe\u63a5\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m file -a 'dest=\/var\/tmp\/chenyu1 src=\/var\/tmp\/aaa state=hard'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">6. lineinfile \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>path<\/code><\/td><td>\u5fc5\u987b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>line<\/code><\/td><td>\u5fc5\u987b\u53c2\u6570\uff0c\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u7684\u6587\u672c\u5185\u5bb9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>regexp<\/code><\/td><td>\u5339\u914d\u6b63\u5219\u8bed\u53e5\uff0c\u4e0e\u8981\u8fc7\u6ee4\u7684\u5173\u952e\u5b57<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>\u72b6\u6001\u8bed\u53e5\uff1a<code>state=absent<\/code> \u5219\u662f\u5220\u9664\uff0c<code>state=present<\/code> \u9ed8\u8ba4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>backrefs<\/code><\/td><td>\u8868\u793a\u662f\u5426\u5f00\u542f\u53cd\u5411\u5f15\u7528\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 no<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>create<\/code><\/td><td>\u5f53\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u65f6\uff0c\u662f\u5426\u521b\u5efa\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>backup<\/code><\/td><td>\u662f\u5426\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>insertafter<\/code><\/td><td>\u501f\u52a9 insertafter \u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u63d2\u5165\u5230&#8221;\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c&#8221;\u4e4b\u540e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>insertbefore<\/code><\/td><td>\u501f\u52a9 insertbefore \u53c2\u6570\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c06\u6587\u672c\u63d2\u5165\u5230&#8221;\u6307\u5b9a\u7684\u884c&#8221;\u4e4b\u524d<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u627e \/etc\/selinux\/config \u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u5f00\u5934\u662f SELINUX= \u7684\u884c,\u5e76\u66ff\u6362\u6210 SELINUX=disabled\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m lineinfile -a 'path=\/etc\/selinux\/config regexp=\"^SELINUX=\" line=\"SELINUX=disabled\"'\n\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u627e \/etc\/selinux\/config \u6587\u672c,\u5e76\u5728\u6587\u672c\u672b\u5c3e\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u884c www.alone.com\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m lineinfile -a 'path=\/etc\/selinux\/config regexp=\"EOF\" line=\"www.alone.com\"'\n\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u627e \/etc\/selinux\/config \u6587\u672c,\u5e76\u5728\u6587\u672c\u884c\u9996\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u884c www.alone.com\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m lineinfile -a 'path=\/etc\/selinux\/config regexp=\"BOF\" line=\"www.alone.com\"'\n\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u627e \/etc\/selinux\/config \u6587\u672c,\u5220\u9664\u6240\u6709\u7684 www.alone.com \u5b57\u6bb5.\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m lineinfile -a 'path=\/etc\/selinux\/config regexp=\"^www.alone.com\" state=absent'\n\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u627e \/etc\/selinux\/config \u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u5728\u5f00\u5934\u662f SELINUX=disabled \u884c\u7684\u884c\u540e\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bdd www.alone.com\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m lineinfile -a 'path=\/etc\/selinux\/config insertafter=\"^SELINUX=\" line=\"www.alone.com\"'\n\n# \u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5219\u5339\u914d\u67e5\u627e \/etc\/selinux\/config \u6587\u672c\u4e2d\u5728\u5f00\u5934\u662f SELINUX=disabled \u884c\u7684\u884c\u524d\u63d2\u5165\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bdd www.alone.com\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m lineinfile -a 'path=\/etc\/selinux\/config insertbefore=\"^SELINUX=\" line=\"www.alone.com\"'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">7. yum_repository \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>baseurl<\/code><\/td><td>\u5730\u5740<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>mirrorlist<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e mirrorlist \u5730\u5740<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>description<\/code><\/td><td>\u63cf\u8ff0\u4fe1\u606f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>enabled<\/code><\/td><td>\u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528\u8be5\u4ed3\u5e93<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>file<\/code><\/td><td>\u4fdd\u5b58\u6b64\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8be5\u9879\u7684\u8bdd\u5219\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4ee5 name \u9009\u9879\u4e2d\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u547d\u540d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>gpgcheck<\/code><\/td><td>\u662f\u5426\u8981\u8fdb\u884c gpgcheck<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>name<\/code><\/td><td>\u4ed3\u5e93\u7684\u540d\u79f0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>reposdir<\/code><\/td><td>\u4fdd\u5b58 <code>.repo<\/code> \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u76ee\u5f55<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>repo \u6587\u4ef6\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0cpresent\/absent<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u914d\u7f6e yum \u4ed3\u5e93\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m yum_repository -a 'file=server name=BaseOS description=BaseOS baseurl=file:\/\/\/mnt\/BaseOS enabled=yes gpgcheck=no'\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m yum_repository -a 'file=server name=AppStream description=AppStream baseurl=file:\/\/\/mnt\/AppStream enabled=yes gpgcheck=no'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">8. yum \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>name<\/code><\/td><td>\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5b89\u88c5\u5305\u7684\u5305\u540d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u7684\u72b6\u6001\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a present<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>disable_gpg_check<\/code><\/td><td>\u7528\u4e8e\u7981\u7528\u5bf9 rpm \u5305\u7684\u516c\u94a5 gpg \u9a8c\u8bc1,\u9ed8\u8ba4\u503c\u4e3a no<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>enablerepo<\/code><\/td><td>\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u65f6\u4e34\u65f6\u542f\u7528\u7684 yum \u6e90<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>disablerepo<\/code><\/td><td>\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5305\u65f6\u4e34\u65f6\u7981\u7528\u7684 yum \u6e90<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>exclude<\/code><\/td><td>\u6392\u9664\u54ea\u4e9b\u5305\u4e0d\u5b89\u88c5\uff0c\u4ec5\u5728 <code>state=present<\/code> \u6216 <code>latest<\/code> \u65f6\u751f\u6548<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>list<\/code><\/td><td>\u7c7b\u4f3c\u4e8e yum list<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>update_cache<\/code><\/td><td>\u5f3a\u5236\u66f4\u65b0 yum \u7684 cache<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u5b89\u88c5\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 Yum \u6a21\u5757\u6279\u91cf\u7684\u5b89\u88c5 httpd \u670d\u52a1\u5230\u6307\u5b9a\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a.\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m yum -a \"name=httpd state=installed\"\n\n# \u5378\u8f7d\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7 Yum \u6a21\u5757\u6279\u91cf\u7684\u5378\u8f7d httpd \u670d\u52a1\u4e3b\u673a.\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m yum -a \"name=httpd state=removed\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">9. service \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>name<\/code><\/td><td>\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u72b6\u6001, started\u3001stopped\u3001restarted\u3001reloaded<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>enabled<\/code><\/td><td>\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7528\u4e8e\u6307\u5b9a\u662f\u5426\u5c06\u670d\u52a1\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u5f00\u673a\u542f\u52a8\u9879<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u8bbe\u7f6e\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f\u52a8,\u8bbe\u7f6e httpd \u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f\u52a8.\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m service -a \"name=httpd state=started enabled=yes\"\n\n# \u5173\u95ed\u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f\u52a8,\u5173\u95ed httpd \u670d\u52a1\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u542f\u52a8.\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m service -a \"name=httpd state=stopped enabled=no\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">10. fetch \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>dest<\/code><\/td><td>\u76ee\u6807\u7edd\u5bf9\u8def\u5f84<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>src<\/code><\/td><td>\u590d\u5236\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>flat<\/code><\/td><td>\u6539\u53d8\u62c9\u53d6\u540e\u7684\u8def\u5f84\u5b58\u50a8\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a yes, \u4e14\u5f53 dest \u4ee5 &#8220;\/&#8221; \u7ed3\u5c3e\u65f6\uff0c\u5c06\u76f4\u63a5\u628a\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u7684 basename \u5b58\u50a8\u5728 dest \u4e0b\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u8003\u8651\u591a\u4e2a\u4e3b\u673a\u62c9\u53d6\u65f6\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u8986\u76d6\u60c5\u51b5\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>fail on missing<\/code><\/td><td>\u5f53\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a yes \u65f6\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u62c9\u53d6\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5219\u6b64\u4efb\u52a1\u5931\u8d25\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a no.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>validate_checksum<\/code><\/td><td>\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u4e0a\u7684\u6e90\u6587\u4ef6\u3002\u53ea\u80fd\u662f\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4e0d\u652f\u6301\u76ee\u5f55\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u5c06\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 \/etc\/fstab \u6587\u4ef6\u62c9\u53d6\u5230\u672c\u5730\u6765\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e3a \/tmp\/node1\/etc\/fstab\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m fetch -a 'src=\/etc\/fstab dest=\/tmp'\n\n# \u5c06\u67d0\u53f0\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 \/etc\/fstab \u6587\u4ef6\u62c9\u53d6\u5230\u672c\u5730\u6765\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e3a \/tmp\/fstab\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m fetch -a 'src=\/etc\/fstab dest=\/tmp\/ flat=yes'\n\n# \u5c06\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\u7684 \/etc\/fstab \u6587\u4ef6\u62c9\u53d6\u5230\u672c\u5730\u6765\uff0c\u5b58\u50a8\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u4e3a \/tmp\/fstab-node1\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m fetch -a 'src=\/etc\/fstab dest=\/tmp\/fstab-{{inventory_hostname}} flat=yes'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">11. firewalld \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>icmp_block<\/code><\/td><td>\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u8005\u79fb\u9664\u7684 ICMP \u5757<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>icmp_bolck_inversion<\/code><\/td><td>\u5f00\u542f\/\u5173\u95ed\u9632\u706b\u5899\u533a\u57df ICMP \u62a5\u6587\u53cd\u8f6c\u529f\u80fd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>immediate<\/code><\/td><td>\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u6b64\u914d\u7f6e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\uff0c\u5219\u5e94\u7acb\u5373\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u914d\u7f6e\uff0cyes or no\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 no<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>interface<\/code><\/td><td>\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u79fb\u9664 interface<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>masquerade<\/code><\/td><td>\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e2d\u5f00\u542f\u6216\u5173\u95ed masquerade \u529f\u80fd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>offline<\/code><\/td><td>\u662f\u5426\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u79bb\u7ebf\u65f6\u8fd0\u884c\u6b64\u6a21\u5757\uff0cyes or no<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>permanent<\/code><\/td><td>\u8be5\u914d\u7f6e\u662f\u5426\u5728\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u914d\u7f6e\u4e2d\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5728\u91cd\u65b0\u542f\u52a8\u65f6\u4ecd\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u3002\u6ce8\u610f\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8fd9\u662f no, immediate \u88ab\u5047\u5b9a\u4e3a yes\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>port<\/code><\/td><td>\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u79fb\u9664\u7aef\u53e3\u540d\u79f0\u6216\u7aef\u53e3\u8303\u56f4\u3002\u683c\u5f0f\uff1aPORT\/PROTOCOL \u6216 PORT-PORT\/PROTOCOL<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>rich_rule<\/code><\/td><td>rich_rule \u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u5220\u9664\u5230\u9632\u706b\u5899<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>service<\/code><\/td><td>\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u79fb\u9664\u670d\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u5fc5\u987b\u5728 <code>firewall-cmd --get-services<\/code> \u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4e2d\u5217\u51fa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>source<\/code><\/td><td>\u5728\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u79fb\u9664\u67d0\u4e2a\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u7f51\u7edc<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>\u542f\u7528\u6216\u7981\u7528\u4e00\u9879\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u7aef\u53e3:\u8be5\u7aef\u53e3\u662f\u5426\u63a5\u53d7(enabled)\u6216\u62d2\u7edd(disabled)\u8fde\u63a5\u3002\u72b6\u6001\u7684(present)\u548c(absent)\u53ea\u80fd\u5728\u533a\u57df\u7ea7\u522b\u64cd\u4f5c\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528\u3002<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>timeout<\/code><\/td><td>\u8be5\u89c4\u5219\u5e94\u5728\u975e\u6c38\u4e45\u6027\u65f6\u751f\u6548\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>zone<\/code><\/td><td>\u6dfb\u52a0\u6216\u79fb\u9664\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u533a\u57df\u3002\u9ed8\u8ba4 public\u3002<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u5141\u8bb8 http \u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u4f20\u5165\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m firewalld -a 'service=http permanent=yes state=enabled immediate=yes'\n\n# \u5bcc\u89c4\u5219 \u5141\u8bb8 192.168.111.0\/24 \u4e3b\u673a http \u6d41\u91cf\u7684\u4f20\u5165\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m firewalld -a 'zone=public rich_rule=\"rule family=ipv4 source address=192.168.111.0\/24 service name=http accept\" permanent=yes state=enabled immediate=yes'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">12. replace \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>path<\/code><\/td><td>\u5fc5\u987b\u53c2\u6570,\u6307\u5b9a\u8981\u64cd\u4f5c\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\u79f0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>regexp<\/code><\/td><td>\u5fc5\u987b\u53c2\u6570,\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a\u6b63\u5219\u8868\u8fbe\u5f0f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>replace<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u6700\u7ec8\u8981\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u7684\u6587\u672c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>backup<\/code><\/td><td>\u5728\u4fee\u6539\u6587\u4ef6\u4e4b\u524d\u5bf9\u6587\u4ef6\u8fdb\u884c\u5907\u4efd, yes\/no<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u5c06 \/tmp\/zsl \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u201cabc\u201d\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u201cyyy\u201d\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m replace -a 'path=\/tmp\/zsl regexp=\"abc\" replace=\"yyy\"'\n\n# \u5c06 \/tmp\/zsl \u6587\u4ef6\u4e2d\u7684\u201cyyy\u201d\u66ff\u6362\u6210\u201ciii\u201d\uff0c\u4e14\u628a\u66ff\u6362\u524d\u7684 \/tmp\/zsl \u6587\u4ef6\u5907\u4efd\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m replace -a 'path=\/tmp\/zsl regexp=\"yyy\" replace=\"iii\" backup=yes'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">13. parted \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>device<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u786c\u76d8\u8bbe\u5907\u8def\u5f84 \u6bd4\u5982 <code>\/dev\/vdb<\/code><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>label<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u533a\u8868\u7c7b\u578b gpt mbr<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>number<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u5206\u533a\u5e8f\u53f7<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>part_start<\/code><\/td><td>\u5206\u533a\u8d77\u59cb\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>part_end<\/code><\/td><td>\u5206\u533a\u7ed3\u675f\u4f4d\u7f6e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u64cd\u4f5c\u65b9\u5f0f \u521b\u5efa(present) \u3001\u5220\u9664(absent) \u3001\u67e5\u4fe1\u606f(info)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u65b0\u5efa\u6269\u5c55\u5206\u533a\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m parted -a 'device=\/dev\/sda number=4 part_type=extended part_start=46GiB part_end=49.8GiB state=present'\n\n# \u65b0\u5efa\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u533a\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m parted -a 'device=\/dev\/sda number=5 part_type=logical part_start=46.1GiB part_end=48.2GiB state=present'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">14. filesystem \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>dev<\/code><\/td><td>\u8981\u683c\u5f0f\u5316\u7684\u5206\u533a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>fstype<\/code><\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u7cfb\u7edf\u7c7b\u578b \u6bd4\u5982 ext4 xfs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>force<\/code><\/td><td>\u5f3a\u5236\u683c\u5f0f\u5316,\u5982\u679c\u4ee5\u524d\u5206\u533a\u4e2d\u6709\u6570\u636e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u7ed9 \/dev\/sda5 \u683c\u5f0f\u5316,\u7c7b\u578b\u662f xfs\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m filesystem -a 'fstype=xfs dev=\/dev\/sda5'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">15. mount \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>path<\/code><\/td><td>\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>src<\/code><\/td><td>\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>fstype<\/code><\/td><td>\u6302\u8f7d\u7684\u786c\u76d8\u7c7b\u578b \u6bd4\u5982 iso9660\u3001ext4\u3001xfs\u3001nfs\u3001cifs(samba)\u3001ntfs<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>opts<\/code><\/td><td>\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 mount \u547d\u4ee4\u7684\u53c2\u6570<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td><code>present<\/code> \u5f00\u673a\u6302\u8f7d\uff0c\u4ec5\u5c06\u6302\u8f7d\u914d\u7f6e\u5199\u5165 <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code> \u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u771f\u7684\u6302\u8f7d &lt;br&gt; <code>mounted<\/code> \u6302\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5e76\u5c06\u914d\u7f6e\u5199\u5165 <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code> &lt;br&gt; <code>unmounted<\/code> \u5378\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u4e0d\u4f1a\u6e05\u9664 <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code> \u5199\u5165\u7684\u914d\u7f6e &lt;br&gt; <code>absent<\/code> \u5378\u8f7d\u8bbe\u5907\uff0c\u5e76\u6e05\u7406 <code>\/etc\/fstab<\/code> \u5199\u5165\u7684\u914d\u7f6e<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u65b0\u5efa\u6302\u8f7d\u70b9 \/common\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m file -a 'path=\/common state=directory'\n\n# \u67e5\u770b \/dev\/sda5 \u7684 UUID\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m shell -a 'blkid \/dev\/sda5'\n\n# \u5c06\u5206\u533a \/dev\/sda5 \u6302\u8f7d\u5230 \/common \u76ee\u5f55\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m mount -a 'path=\/common src=\"UUID=d162b8b9-2326-4ee4-a559-80861461c4f0\" fstype=xfs state=mounted'\n\n# \u5378\u8f7d\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m mount -a 'path=\/common src=\"UUID=d162b8b9-2326-4ee4-a559-80861461c4f0\" fstype=xfs state=absent'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">16. lvg \u6a21\u5757 (LVM\u5377\u7ec4)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>vg<\/code><\/td><td>\u5377\u7ec4\u540d\u79f0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>present \u521b\u5efa(\u9ed8\u8ba4) \u6216\u8005 absent \u5220\u9664<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>force<\/code><\/td><td>\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5220\u9664\u65f6\u4f7f\u7528<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>pvs<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u7269\u7406\u5377<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>pesize<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u5b9a pe \u5927\u5c0f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u65b0\u5efa\u5377\u7ec4 vg0\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m lvg -a 'vg=vg0 pesize=16M pvs=\/dev\/sda5'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">17. lvol \u6a21\u5757 (LVM\u903b\u8f91\u5377)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>lv<\/code><\/td><td>\u5b9a\u4e49\u903b\u8f91\u5377\u540d\u79f0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>size<\/code><\/td><td>\u5b9a\u4e49\u903b\u8f91\u5377\u5927\u5c0f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>vg<\/code><\/td><td>\u903b\u8f91\u5377\u7684\u7a7a\u95f4\u6765\u81ea\u54ea\u4e2a vg<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>present \u521b\u5efa(\u9ed8\u8ba4) \u6216\u8005 absent \u5220\u9664<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>force<\/code><\/td><td>\u5f3a\u5236\u5220\u9664\u6216\u8005\u8c03\u6574\u903b\u8f91\u5377\u5927\u5c0f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u65b0\u5efa\u903b\u8f91\u5377 lv0\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m lvol -a 'lv=lv0 size=1000M vg=vg0'\n\n# \u5728\u7ebf\u6269\u5bb9\u903b\u8f91\u5377\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m lvol -a 'lv=lv0 size=1600M vg=vg0 resizefs=yes'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">18. sefcontext \u6a21\u5757 (SELinux)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>target<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u76ee\u6807\u76ee\u5f55<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>setype<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u672c\u6587<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>\u6a21\u5757\u72b6\u6001\uff1apresent \u4ee3\u8868\u589e\u52a0\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u672c\u6587\uff1babsent \u4ee3\u8868\u5220\u9664\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u672c\u6587<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u4fee\u6539 context \u503c\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m sefcontext -a 'target=\"\/share(\/.*)?\" setype=samba_share_t state=present'\n\n# \u5e94\u7528\u65b0\u7684 selinux \u6587\u4ef6\u7684 context \u503c\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m command -a 'restorecon -Rv \/share'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">19. debug \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>msg<\/code><\/td><td>\u8c03\u8bd5\u8f93\u51fa\u7684\u6d88\u606f<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>var<\/code><\/td><td>\u5c06\u67d0\u4e2a\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u7684\u8f93\u51fa\u4f5c\u4e3a\u53d8\u91cf\u4f20\u9012\u7ed9 debug \u6a21\u5757\uff0cdebug \u4f1a\u76f4\u63a5\u5c06\u5176\u6253\u5370\u8f93\u51fa<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>verbosity<\/code><\/td><td>debug \u7684\u7ea7\u522b\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\u662f 0 \u7ea7\uff0c\u5168\u90e8\u663e\u793a\uff09<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u8f93\u51fa Alone\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m debug -a 'msg=Alone'<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">20. cron \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>user<\/code><\/td><td>\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f53\u524d\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u5c5e\u4e8e\u54ea\u4e2a\u7528\u6237,\u5f53\u4e0d\u4f7f\u7528\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u65f6,\u9ed8\u8ba4\u4e3a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u7528\u6237<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>job<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u8ba1\u5212\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u5b9e\u9645\u6267\u884c\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u6216\u8005\u811a\u672c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>name<\/code><\/td><td>\u7528\u4e8e\u8bbe\u7f6e\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u540d\u79f0,\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u7684\u540d\u79f0\u4f1a\u5728\u6ce8\u91ca\u4e2d\u663e\u793a<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>state<\/code><\/td><td>\u76f8\u5173\u72b6\u6001\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u5f53\u5220\u9664\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6,\u9700\u8981\u5c06 state \u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a absent\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u521b\u5efa present\uff08\u9ed8\u8ba4\uff09<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>disabled<\/code><\/td><td>\u5f53\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u6709\u540d\u79f0\u65f6,\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u6839\u636e\u540d\u79f0\u4f7f\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u5931\u6548<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>backup<\/code><\/td><td>\u6b64\u53c2\u6570\u7684\u503c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a yes,\u90a3\u4e48\u5f53\u4fee\u6539\u6216\u8005\u5220\u9664\u5bf9\u5e94\u7684\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u65f6,\u4f1a\u5bf9\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1\u5907\u4efd<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>$time<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u6267\u884c\u65f6\u95f4\u3001minute \u5206\u3001hour \u65f6\u3001day \u5929\u3001month \u6708\u3001weekday\u30010-7 \u4ee3\u8868\u5468<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u521b\u5efa\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1,\u4efb\u52a1\u540d\u79f0\u4e3a mkdirs test\uff0c\u4e8e\u6bcf\u5929 1 \u70b9 5 \u5206,\u6267\u884c\u8f93\u51fa\u4e00\u6bb5\u8bdd echo hello lyshark\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m cron -a \"name='mkdirs test' minute=5 hour=1 job='echo hello lyshark'\"\n\n# \u5220\u9664\u8ba1\u5212\u4efb\u52a1 mkdirs test,\u5220\u9664\u524d\u505a\u597d\u5907\u4efd.\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m cron -a \"name='mkdirs test' state=absent backup=yes\"<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">21. get_url \u6a21\u5757<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u53c2\u6570<\/td><td>\u89e3\u91ca<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>dest<\/code><\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\u4e0b\u8f7d\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u7684\u90a3\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002\u5982\u679c dest \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u4f7f\u7528 url \u7684 base name \u4f5c\u4e3a\u6587\u4ef6\u540d\uff1b\u5982\u679c dest \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219 <code>force<\/code> \u9009\u9879\u4e0d\u751f\u6548\uff1b\u5982\u679c dest \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5219\u603b\u662f\u4f1a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u76ee\u6807\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u5728\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316\u4e86\u624d\u4f1a\u66ff\u6362\u65e7\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a yes, \u4e14 dest \u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u76ee\u5f55\u65f6\uff0c\u5219\u603b\u662f\u4f1a\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u5728\u5df2\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u6587\u4ef6\u53d8\u5316\u4e86\u624d\u4f1a\u66ff\u6362\u65e7\u6587\u4ef6\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a no(\u9ed8\u8ba4)\uff0c\u5219\u53ea\u4f1a\u5728\u76ee\u5f55\u8def\u5f84\u4e0b\u4e0d\u5b58\u5728\u8be5\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u624d\u4f1a\u8fdb\u884c\u4e0b\u8f7d<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>force<\/code><\/td><td>\u662f\u5426\u5f3a\u5236\u8986\u76d6 yes\/no<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>url<\/code><\/td><td>\u6307\u5b9a\u4e00\u4e2a URL \u5730\u5740<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>backup<\/code><\/td><td>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u6587\u4ef6\u65f6\u95f4\u65f6\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u79f0\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u65f6\u95f4\u6233\u7684\u5907\u4efd\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>tmp_dest<\/code><\/td><td>\u4e0b\u8f7d\u65f6\u4e34\u65f6\u5b58\u653e\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u5728\u4efb\u52a1\u6267\u884c\u5b8c\u6210\u524d\u4f1a\u5220\u9664\u4e0b\u8f7d\u7684\u4e34\u65f6\u6587\u4ef6<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>group<\/code><\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\/\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6240\u5c5e\u7ec4<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>owner<\/code><\/td><td>\u6587\u4ef6\/\u76ee\u5f55\u7684\u6240\u6709\u8005<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>timeout<\/code><\/td><td>\u8bf7\u6c42 url \u65f6\u7684\u8d85\u65f6\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u9ed8\u8ba4 10 \u79d2\u949f<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>\u4ee3\u7801\u793a\u4f8b\uff1a<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-code\"><code># \u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e00\u4e2a\u6307\u5b9a\u6587\u4ef6\u5230\u8fdc\u7a0b\u4e3b\u673a\n&#91;student@ansible ~\/ansible]$ ansible node1 -m get_url -a \"url=http:\/\/mirrors.aliyun.com\/repo\/Centos-7.repo dest=\/root\"<\/code><\/pre>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u4e00\u3001Ansible\u4ecb\u7ecd Ansible \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f00\u6e90\u7684 IT \u81ea\u52a8\u5316\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8e\u914d\u7f6e\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5e94\u7528\u90e8\u7f72\u3001\u4efb\u52a1\u7f16\u6392\u548c [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-8","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8\/revisions\/9"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.pangdun.asia\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}